Method of making bushings



- Oct. 19, 1926. '7 1,603,470

C. W. JOHNSON ET AL METHOD OF MAKING BUSHINGS Filed June 19. 1920 2Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR Tar) JohnsonfinmeollJ tg cw,

Um *Qhg ATTORNEY Oct. 19 ,1926.

C. W- JOHNSON El AL METHOD OF MAKING BUSHINGS' Filed June 19, 1920 2Sheets-Sheet 2 QF/AAWJOIZ.

name on. 19, 1926.

I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GABL W. JOHNSON AND JAMES L. MYERS, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNORB TO THECLEVELAND GRAPHITE BRONZE COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORA- TIONOHIO.

METHOD on MAKING resumes.

Application filed June 19, 1920. Serial No. 890,188.

The present invention, relating, as indimated, to bushings and method ofmaking the same, is more particularly directed to an improved type ofself-lubricating bearing,

' consisting of a stri of relatively thin bear- 1.2% material provi edwith an lnden ted or o erwise recessed bearing surface in whichlubricant, either in solid or liquid form, may be retained. Theinvention also relates to an improved ap aratus for making such bushing,that is, or recessing or indenting the bearing surfaces of the metalstrip in such a way as to rovide recesses or indentatlons that are aapted to receive and mechanically lock therein solid and semi-solidlubricant. To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, saidinvention,

then, consists of the means hereinafter fully described, andparticularly pointed out in the claims.

The annexed drawing and the following description set forth in detailcertain mechanism embodying the invention, such disclosedmeans'constituting, however, but one of various mechanical forms inwhich the principle of. the invention may be used.

in said annexed drawing Fig. 1 is a side elevation of our improvedapparatus; Fig. 2 is a side elevation of one 36 of the indenting disks;Fig. 3 is a similar view of one of the spacers interposed between theindenting disks; Fig. 4 is a front view of the intending roll asassembled; Fig. 5 is a partial transverse section through which aredriven by suitable gears carried n a housing 4 and operated from apulley 5 through gears 6 and The construction of. the rolling millproper is not of great importance, as any standard type of rolling millmay be employed.- The two shafts 2 and 3 extend longitudinally of theframe of the mill and are received in suitable hearings or frame members8 and 9. The rolls are adapted to be mounted upon the forward ends oftwo shafts 2 and 3, which lie between the bearing containing housings 8and 9, and the construction of the rolls is shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 4;.

The lower roll 10 is carried on the. forward end of the shaft 3 and maybe a smooth surfaced roll, as shown in Fig.1. The upper roll 11 performsthe indenting operation on the metal strip and is a composite roll 'madeup of a series of toothed disks 12 and intermediate spacing disks 13,arran ed in intermediate relation. Each of the dlsks 12 and 13 isextremely thin and these disks are pressed closely together by means ofadjustable collars 14 and 15 on the shaft 2, and the disks are soarranged that the teeth 16 on the disks 12 are dis osed in staggeredrelation, as indicated in F denced by the arrangement of the recesses inthe strip shown in Fig. 8. In order to secure this staggered relation ofthe teeth on the disks these disks are provided with key ways 17, andthe key-ways are formed in a slightly different position insome of theig. 4, and as evi- L as the rolls showing a strip of material betweenthe same; Fig. 6 is a side elevation of a finished bushing; Fig. 7 is anand elevation disks from the position in others. The key-way positionwill vary just sufiiciently at with lubricant; Fi 9 is a oiZ-the same;Fig. 8 is a plan view of a strip of metal after being indented andfilled artial transverse section throug .the finis ed bushing;

I "Fig. 10 is a section through the strip after the indenting operation;Fig. 11 is a section on the line 11-11, Fig. 10; Fig. 12 is a 45 sectionsimilar to Fig. 10, but showing the strip after its passage through thesizing rolls; and Fig. 13 is 1313 in Fig. 12. v

In Fig. 1 there is shown a rolling mill of Well-known type consisting ofa base 1, on which are housed two drive shafts 2 and 3,

a section on the line to prevent the indenting teeth from coming intoalignment when the disks are assembled on the shaft 2, and in assemblingthem, the disks with the two types of key-ways will be arrangedalternately, which will give a series of recesses in the strip beingoperated upon, which is shown in Fig. 8.

' In the making of the improved type of bushing here described, a strip18 of relatively thin rolled material, such as copper, brass or phosphorbronze, or other suitable bearingmetal, will be passed between therolls, which will be so positioned that they will produce indentationson the upper sur-, face of the strip, and these indentations will extendapproximately half way through the thickness of the strip. The teeth 16on the indenting disks are formed like gear teeth and will rollthemselves into and out of the indentations which they produce in thesame manner that gear teeth roll into and out of engagement with othergear teeth with which they are in mesh, and this action will be evidentfrom Fig. 5. The side walls of the indenting teeth 16 are perfectlyparallel with each other, while the end walls of course are convergingso that the recesses formed in the strip 18 will have two beveled walls,and two walls in parallelism, and the parallel walls will be thoseextending longitudinally of the strip that is passed between the rolls.

In Fig. 10 I have shown astrip after it has passed through the indentingrolls and have indicated the raised lands 30, which are produced betweenthe indentations. In Fig. 11 T have shown a transverse section throughone of the indentations showing the perfectly parallel and straightopposing walls 31. After the indentations have been produced the stripis passed between sizing rolls, which are smooth faced and which areadjusted to roll the strip to its original thickness. This action servesto flatten out the raised lands 30, and also to squeeze together the uper edges 32 of the previously parallel si es of the indentations,causing these indentations to overhang and the indentations to becomedove-tailed in shape on this plane. The curved sides 33 and 34 of theoriginal indentations, which are formed somewhat similar to gear teethbecause of the rolling action of the indenting teeth when rolling intoand out of the recesses, are brought by the sizing operation into theform shown in Fig. 12. In this figure the direction of movement of thestrip between the rolls is indicated by the arrow,

and the forward side of each recess has practically the same angle asbefore the sizing operation, while the rear side is brought topractically a right angle or vertical position due to the flow of themetal when the strip is passing between the sizing rolls.

After the strip has been indented, as shown in Fig. 8 it is then passedthrough a lubricating means which presses the mixture of graphite andthe binder into the recesses on the face of the strip. The long stripofmetal is then cut into shorter strips, approximately the size andshape of the strip shown in Fig. 8, in which the width of the strip isnormally the circumference of the circled strip of bushing. That maintains the parallel side walls of the recesses or indentations runningcrosswise of the.

direction of movement of the shaft or member being journaled. The stripsare then circled to bring the edges 20 and 21 of eoaavo the striptogether and provide a cylinder as shown in Figs. 6 and 7, in whicl theends of the cylinders 22 and '23 are the edges 22 and 23' of the stripshown in Fig. 8.

The result of circling this strip in the direction indicated is to throwthe parallel walls 25 of each recess slightly toward eachblows such asbushings often receive when in use.

Other modes of applying the principle of our invention may be employedinstead of the one explained, change being made as regards the steps ormechanism herein disclosed, provided the means stated by any of thefollowing claims or the equivalent of such stated means be employed.

We therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as ourinvention 1. in a method of making bushings, the combination of stepswhich consist in rolling a thin metal strip between rolls adapted toproduce a series of spaced recesses and to also produce a series ofraised lands between such recesses, rolling such strip between sizingrolls, thereby reducing such lands by causing the metal to flow andproduce slightly overhanging edges in such recesses, filling suchrecesses with a solid lubricant under pressure, and then circling suchstrip into a cylindrical bushing.

2. In a method of making bushings, the steps which consist in passing athin strip of metal beneath a roll having a series of indentingprojections provided with two opposite parallel walls, then sizing suchstrip to produce overhanging edges on such previously parallel sidewalls of such recesses, and then forming said strip into a bearing for amovable'shaft with such overhanging edges disposed transversely to thedirection of movement of such shaft.

3. In a method of making tubular bush ings, the steps which consist inrolling in a thin metallic strip a series of spaced re- I "steps whichconsist in working the metal of mo em I recesses therein and also toproduce raised lands of greater thickness than the original stripbetween such. recesses; rolling such strip between sizing rolls tofurther work the metal of such raised land portions &

whereby the thickness thereof is reduced and slight overhanging edgesproduced in such recesses; and then vcircling such strip W into thebushing.

Signed by us, this 16th day of June, 1920.

CARL W. JOHNSON. JAMES L. MYERS.

